Jackie Robinson.
Jack Roosevelt Robinson. January 31, 1919 – October 24, 1972. Was an American professional baseball player who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB) in the modern era. Robinson broke the color line when he started at first base for the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15, 1947. The Dodgers signing Robinson heralded the end of racial segregation in professional baseball that had relegated black players to the Negro leagues since the 1880s.
Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962. Born in Cairo, Georgia, Robinson was raised in Pasadena, California. A four sport student athlete at Pasadena Junior College & the University of California, Los Angeles, he was better known for football than he was for baseball, becoming a star college player with the UCLA Bruins football team. Following his college career, Robinson was drafted for service during World War II but was court martialed for refusing to sit at the back of a segregated Army bus, eventually being honorably discharged. Afterwards, he signed with the Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro leagues from where he caught the eye of Branch Rickey, general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, who thought he would be the perfect candidate for breaking the color line in Major League Baseball. During his 10 year MLB career, Robinson won the inaugural Rookie of the Year Award in 1947, was an All Star for six consecutive seasons from 1949 through 1954, & won the National League (NL) Most Valuable Player Award in 1949 The first black player so honored. Robinson played in six World Series & contributed to the Dodgers, 1955 World Series championship. In 1997, Major League Baseball retired his uniform No. 42 across all major league teams, he was the first professional athlete in any sport to be so honored. MLB also adopted a new annual tradition, Jackie Robinson Day, for the first time on April 15, 2004, on which every player on every team wears No. 42.
